What are the types of rooftop solar systems?

Rooftop solar systems are mainly of three types: on-grid, off-grid, and hybrid systems depending on grid connectivity and battery usage.

What is an on-grid solar system?

An on-grid solar system is connected to the electricity grid and allows export of excess solar power while drawing power when needed.

An off-grid solar system works independently of the grid and uses batteries to store electricity for use during night or power cuts.

A hybrid solar system combines on-grid and off-grid features, using both grid connection and battery storage for backup power.

Net metering is a billing system that gives credits for excess solar energy exported to the electricity grid, reducing electricity bills.

kWp measures the peak power capacity of a solar system, while kWh measures the actual energy produced or consumed over time.

Solar panels typically last 25–30 years, while inverters last around 8–10 years depending on usage and maintenance.

Solar PV modules (solar panels), inverter, mounting structure, wiring, net meter, and a remote monitoring system.

Approximately 80 sq. ft. of rooftop area is required per 1 kW of solar power capacity.

We commonly see three main types of solar mounting structures:

RCC Mount: These systems are installed on flat reinforced cement concrete (RCC) rooftops.
Ground Mount: These systems are installed directly on the ground, away from any building structure.
Sheet Roof Mount: These are designed for pitched roofs made of metal sheets, corrugated iron, or asbestos cement sheets.

RCC mount installations are commonly used for buildings with flat concrete rooftops. Here's a breakdown:

Structure: A metallic framework (galvanized iron) anchored to the concrete slab or supported using concrete ballasts.
Installation: Uses mechanical or chemical anchoring into concrete, or ballasted systems that avoid roof penetration.
Advantages:
- Strong stability on concrete rooftops
- Flexible tilt and orientation for better solar generation
- Easy maintenance and cleaning access
- No roof penetration in ballasted systems, reducing leakage risk

Ground-mounted solar systems are installed on open land, making them suitable where rooftop space is limited or unavailable.

Structure: Metal framework supported by ground-driven posts or concrete foundations.
Installation: Includes site preparation, foundation work, structural setup, and solar panel mounting.
Advantages:
- Optimal tilt and direction for maximum energy generation
- Easy access for maintenance and cleaning
- Scalable for higher capacity systems
- Not dependent on roof condition or structure

Sheet roof installations are designed for roofs made of corrugated metal, trapezoidal metal, or similar sheet roofing materials.

Structure: Uses specialized clamps or rails fixed to roof sheets or purlins.
Installation: Mounting clamps are fixed on raised seams or ribs, sometimes requiring waterproof sealing depending on roof type.
Advantages:
- Lightweight: Easier load on roof structure
- Cost-effective: Economical installation option
- Flexible: Suitable for various metal roof designs

The best solar mounting system depends on several key factors:

Roof Type: Flat RCC roofs, sheet roofs, or open land availability.
Available Space: Rooftop area or land availability for installation.
Energy Requirements: Higher demand may require ground-mounted systems.
Budget: Cost varies based on mounting structure type.
Local Regulations: Compliance with solar installation rules and permissions.
Aesthetics: Visual impact on your property.

Consulting with a solar expert helps ensure the most efficient, safe, and cost-effective installation for your site.

Free consultation for rooftop solar, installation process, net metering & system selection.